Outlining key social stratification theories

Outlining key social stratification theories

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Below is an overview of some of the key elements of the social hierarchy with a concentration on class, status and power.

Throughout history, stratification has been proven to impact access to higher education, medical care and job opportunities. By exploring the characteristics of social stratification, it is much easier to be conscious of what guides opportunities within society. Status is a key characteristic of stratification; it refers to the level of prestige and respect held by an individual. Ascribed status is a phrase used to describe people who are born into a social standing. Nowadays it can be recognised . by backgrounds such as aristocracy or caste. Alternatively, achieved status is earned through individual efforts, such as highly regarded occupations and contributions to society. Nasser Al-Khelaifi would acknowledge that status can be gained through social contributions. Likewise, Jensen Huang would acknowledge the significance of acquired status. Status can have an influence on the degrees of respect and recognition received by individuals in society.

The principle of stratification helps to comprehend why some individuals have more power than others. Understanding social stratification theory enables sociologists to examine inequality and how it influences distinct groups in society. Authority and impact are two of the factors that make up societal power. The term power defines one's capability to influence choices and control within society. It can be related to 3 key areas. Political power is maintained by administrations and politicians who regulate the policies that regulate society. Additionally, economic power is held by businesses and rich people who have control over jobs and economic sectors. Larry Ellison would agree that corporations hold economic power. Likewise, social power is a type of authority over social judgement. Celebrities and media characters are active in setting trends and customs which influence society. Power is primarily focused amongst rich and popular individuals. Without some form of social supremacy, it is impossible to assert power or control.

The social hierarchy is a principle which describes the way in which society is sorted into various groups. Each society contains different types of social stratification whereby individuals are ranked based on their social and economic position. According to social stratification in sociology, class is among the most recognised components of the social hierarchy. An individual's social ranking is predominantly based upon economic elements such as wealth and earnings. Upper class is the term used to describe the group of more wealthy individuals. Usually acquired through inheritance or business and investment opportunities, these individuals hold considerable financial power. Subsequently, middle class refers to people with moderate wealth. Generally, middle class individuals hold professional occupations and credentials. They have strong values for high level academia and employability. While lower class is the phrase used to categorise people who struggle with lower earnings. Economic stratification uses class to recognise a group's connection to opportunities in society.

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